A long time ago, there was a powerful dynasty in China called the Yuan dynasty. But after a while, they started to lose power because of fights and problems inside the country. People who were farmers started to rebel against the Yuan dynasty in different parts of China.

One of the rebel leaders was named Zhu Yuanzhang, and he became very strong. He fought against the Yuan dynasty and won, so he became the Emperor of a new dynasty called the Ming dynasty. He made Nanjing the capital and did many good things. He gave more power to the Emperor and made schools to teach people about their important traditions.

Then, another Emperor named the Yongle Emperor moved the capital to Beijing and took control of other places nearby. But even though the capital was rich, many people in the countryside were poor and had a hard time.

During this time, there were also other groups like the Mongols and the Japanese who attacked China. The Ming dynasty sent their soldiers to help Korea, which was being invaded by Japan. But because they were busy helping Korea, the Ming dynasty became weak and a leader named Nurhaci took advantage of that. He built his own dynasty called the Qing dynasty.

The Qing dynasty fought against the Ming and finally won. They took over Beijing and became the new rulers of China. The Qing dynasty was strong and stable, especially under the Kangxi Emperor. He stopped rebellions and made a good system where both the Manchus and the Han Chinese people ruled together. The Qing dynasty lasted for a long time and ruled what is now modern-day China.